Match on Action:
This is an editing technique for continuity editing, where one shot cuts to another shot, but still displays the the action of the subject in the first shot. By doing this, it creates a sense of continuity, where the action continues to distract viewers from being aware of slight cutting or continuity issues.
180 Degree Rule:
This is a guideline used in filming where the actors involved in the scene should have the same left-right relationship, and filming takes place within 180 angle. This gives a sense of continuing direction, which overall allows the audience to have a good sense of the scene's location.
Shot/Reverse Shot:
Alike the Match on Action, this is also a continuity shot, that is used in conversations or for characters looking at each other, or objects.
This is done when you have a shot of what the character is looking at, (possibly point of view or over the shoulder shot), followed by a reverse angle shot at the character looking at it/the other character looking back at them. Directors often link this shot with the 180 degree rule in order to retain continuity, and therefore does not distort the viewers sense of the location in the character shots.
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